Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (diabetes) is a group of metabolic diseases, characterized by high blood sugar, caused by either body not producing enough insulin, or because body does not respond to the produced insulin.

There are various types of diabetes, most common being type-1 diabetes (T1D) and type-2 diabetes (T2D). Type 1 diabetes is commonly caused by the body's failure to produce insulin, while type 2 diabetes usually results from body not being able to respond to the insulin, a condition called insulin resistance.

Diabetes are genetic diseases that include both monogenic and polygenic versions. Various genes and common genetic variations have been associated with type 2 diabetes. Some forms of diabetes, such as T2D also have a strong environmental component - especially diet and obesity are risk factors for T2D.