Several sleep disorders and related circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSDs) are influenced by genetic predispositions and are defined by persistent or recurrent disturbed sleep–wake cycles. There several types, including:
Delayed sleep phase type (DSPT): characterized by significantly delayed sleep timing
- Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome, susceptibility
- rs28936679 in the AANAT gene
- rs184039278, in the CRY1 gene
- rs10462020/rs10462021 haplotype, in the PER3 gene
Advanced sleep phase type (ASPT): characterized by extremely early involuntary sleep timing
- Familial Advanced Sleep Phase syndrome (FASPS or FASPS1)
- rs121908635 in the PER2 gene; autosomal dominant
- rs150812083 and rs139315125 in the PER3 gene
- Familial Advanced Sleep Phase syndrome 2 (FASPS2)
- rs104894561 in the CSNK1D gene; autosomal dominant
- rs397514693 in the CSNK1D gene; autosomal dominant
Free-running type (FRT): characterized by sleep timing that occurs with a 30-min to 1-h delay each day.
- Narcolepsy - see this SNPedia page for details
- Short Sleep
- rs121912617, in the DEC2 gene; autosomal dominant
- Familial natural short sleep (FNSS)
- rs1406844918, in the NPSR1 gene; autosomal dominant
Normal sleep duration or day/night preferences may be influenced by genetic factors as well; SNPs reported to influence average sleep duration or diurnal preference include:
- rs11046205, in the ABCC9 gene
- rs228697 in the PER3 gene
Sleep/wake Fragmentation:
